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The Edeka Group is the largest Germansupermarketcorporation as of 2017, holding a market share of 20.3%.^[1] Founded in 1898, it consists today of several cooperatives of independent supermarkets all operating under the umbrella organisation Edeka Zentrale AG & Co KG, with headquarters in Hamburg. There are approximately 4,100 stores with the Edeka nameplate that range from small corner stores to hypermarkets. On November 16, 2007, Edeka reached an agreement with Tengelmann to purchase a 70% majority stake in Tengelmann's Plus discounter store division, which was then merged into Edeka's Netto brand, with some 4,200 stores by 2018.^[2] Under all brands the company operated a total of 13,646 stores at the end of 2017.^[1]

History[edit]

The cooperative was founded in 1898 as the E.d.K. (Einkaufsgenossenschaft der Kolonialwarenhändler im Halleschen Torbezirk zu Berlin, 'Purchasing Cooperative of Colonial Goods Retailers in the Hallesches Tor district of Berlin'). In 1911, it was renamed as Edeka - a phonetic expansion of the previous abbreviation. The Edekabank was founded in 1914 and, from 1923, central billing was introduced.

After the Second World War, the reconstruction of the store network was led from the new Hamburg central offices. In 1972, the cooperatives changed structure and formed twelve regional companies, the umbrella corporation and the Edekabank converting from a cooperative to a public limited company.

In 2001, the Edeka own brand 'Gut & Günstig' was founded.

Christmas 2015 the company attracted worldwide attention with the highly sentimental TV commercial #heimkommen, about a lonely grandfather desperate to reunite with his family for Christmas. Intended only for the German public, it reached over 43 million views worldwide on YouTube by December 18, 2015, and became a cultural phenomenon, with nearly 62 million views by June 2019.^[3][4]

Brand names[edit]

Operational names of these stores include:

• Edeka nah und gut ('close and good') - stores up to 400 m² (4300 sq ft), mostly found in smaller municipalities
• Edeka aktiv markt ('active mart') - mostly privately run supermarkets between 400 m² and 800 m² (4300 and 8600 sq ft), mostly located in outlying neighborhoods and villages
• Edeka neukauf - privately or centrally managed stores between 800 m² and 2000 m² (8600 and 21,500 sq ft)
• Edeka center (E-Center) - hypermarkets between 2000 m² and 5000 m² (21,500 and 54,000 sq ft)
• Edeka C&C Großmarkt (Mios) (cash & carry)
• Edeka Großverbraucherservice (for commercial customers)
• Edeka NP-Markt

Stores not operating under the Edeka brand, but belonging to the group nonetheless:

• SPAR (only in Germany)
• aktiv discount - often rebranded E-Center stores, mainly in northern Germany
• Netto Marken-Discount - discount stores
• Marktkauf - hypermarkets, mainly in the west of Germany

It also has holdings in Denmark.

Edeka also operates a number of companies providing related services, for example the Edekabank.

Controversies[edit]

A 2019 Mother's Day online commercial^[5] showing a series of clips of fathers interacting with their children incompetently, followed by shots of caring mothers with their children, and the punchline 'Mum, thank you for not being dad,' was criticized widely for its clichéd portrayal of the roles of mothers and fathers.^[6]

Stevie Schmiedel, a gender researcher and founder of the German branch of the feminist lobby organization 'Pinkstinks,' which campaigns against sexism in advertising, commented: 'Maybe the advertisers really thought they were doing something good for women on Mother's Day. But everything went wrong. The commercial is pseudo-progressive. It divides and intensifies the fight between the sexes. A poisoned Mother's Day present.'^[6]

Edeka was officially reprimanded by the Deutscher Werberat, the German advertising standards regulator, for breaching advertising standards by 'reinforcing 1950's gender stereotypes,' and while 'ironic exaggeration is permissible, gender stereotyping is not.' The authority also cited the large number of complaints and the debate about the commercial on social media, saying this showed that viewers either did not understand that it was meant to be ironical, or that they felt the ironic use of stereotypes was not acceptable to them.^[7]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^ab'Ranking: Top 30 Lebensmittelhandel Deutschland 2018'. lebensmittelzeitung.net. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
2. ^'Tengelmann entscheidet sich für EDEKA'Archived 2007-12-03 at the Wayback Machine(German)
3. ^'EDEKA Weihnachtsclip - #heimkommen - YouTube' [EDEKA Christmas video - 'Coming home']. EDEKA. November 28, 2015. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
4. ^'Grandfather goes to extremes to bring family home for Christmas in German ad'. ABC7 Los Angeles. December 2, 2015. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
5. ^'„Wir sagen Danke.'' ['We say thank you.']. EDEKA. May 5, 2019. Retrieved June 19, 2019.
6. ^ ^abWalsh, Alistair (May 9, 2019). 'Mother's Day fail: German supermarket Edeka slammed for sexist ad'. Deutsche Welle. Retrieved June 19, 2019.
7. ^'EDEKA verletzt Branchenstandards Werberat rügt Muttertagsspot' [EDEKA violates advertising standards Werberat advertising standards authority castigates Mother's Day online commercial.]. Deutscher Werberat (in German). May 24, 2019. Retrieved June 19, 2019.

External links[edit]

Last modified: 2018-11-24 by zoltán horváth
Keywords: colombia
Links: FOTW homepage search disclaimer and copyright write us mirrors

Editorial Note: FOTW does not report commercial flags unless such flags have a vexillological value. The presentation of such a flag shouldn't be interpreted as a recommendation of any company or its products.

• Federación Colombiana de Ganaderos - FEDEGAN (Colombian Federation of Cattle raisers)
• Positiva Insurance (Positiva Seguros)
• Sociedad Colombo Alemana de Transporte Aéreo - SCADTA
• Touring & Automovil Club de Colombia - ACC

See also:

D1

On August 22, 2015, I spotted the flag for hard discount store 'D1' (pronounced De Uno, meaning 'From oneself', meaning something that belongs to oneself). D1 is the brand of the company 'Koba Colombia S.A.S' (and/or Koba International, Koba Group). The company was established in 2009 and started operations initially in Medellín and then spread to other cities in the country to become one of the fastest growing businesses in the retail sector. A major stake in the company was purchased by Valórem (official website) a holding with investments in several sectors. The company was set with advisory from and using the business model from Aldi, the German company labeled as the 'largest retailer in the world' (source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discount_store).'
Sources: http://www.koba-group.com/empresa
http://www.dinero.com/edicion-impresa/negocios/articulo/santo-domingo-mas-recientes-adquisiciones/206928
and http://www.dinero.com/edicion-impresa/negocios/articulo/d1-esta-impulsando-a-los-proveedores-100-criollos/223530
Personal notice: See the resemblance when writing ALDI (in capitals) and D1, the last two letters making up the name of the Colombian company.
For additional information go to:
Koba Colombia S.A.S. (official website)
The flag is the logo on a square flag with a white stripe surrounding all four sides. The logo features the slogan 'de todos!' (from all) meaning not only from oneself, but from all.
Esteban Rivera, 17 May 2016

Empresa de Telecomunicaciones de Bogotá

image by Zoltan Horvath, 18 January 2014

ETB (Empresa de Telecomunicaciones de Bogotá, Bogotá Telecommunications company) known before as Empresa de Teléfonos de Bogotá (Bogotá Telephone Company), was originally established in 1884 as CTC (Companía de Teléfonos de Colombia, Colombian Telephone Company).
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ETB_(company)
The flag is the logo in inverted colors (that is the letters in white on a blue background), on a horizontal flag.
Image of flag taken from CM& tv news on March 19, 2013.
For additional information go to: ETB (official website) http://www.etb.com.co/
Esteban Rivera, 14 January 2014

Exito

image by Zoltan Horvath, 27 December 2011

Grupo Exito (Exito in Spanish means 'success', and has a punctuation mark in the 'E', thus it should be written Éxito; however for commercial reasons to keep all the letters equal to each other on the signboards and all the publicity, the accent was stripped from the original word).
Grupo Exito started as Almacenes Exito (Exito stores) in 1922, when Luis Eduardo Yepes, a native from Medellin opened up a store in the city of Barranquilla to supply the people with all the goods needed for the local carnival, called 'Carnaval de Barranquilla' (Barranquilla Carnival). Then later on, with a much wider offer, he started a series of chains in the Atlantic Coast of Colombia and named his stores LEY (an abbreviation of his initials). It is also worth mentioning that LEY in Spanish means law. Parallel to this, in 1949 Gustavo Toro Restrepo opened up the first Exito store, owned by Almacenes EXITO S.A. later on, Almacenes EXITO S.A. establishes a company called Didetexco S.A. which manufactures most of the garments and textiles sold in Exito stores.
Also parallel to this in 1905 Spaniard José Carulla Vidal establishes a store in Bogota called El Escudo Catalán (The Catalan Shield), later renamed to Carulla.
Later on LEY stores where transformed in 1959 into the holding CADENALCO (Gran Cadena de Almacenes Colombianos S.A.) which operated all LEY stores. Parallel to this, in 1967 Jorge and Margaret Bloch opened up a store named La Huerta (Market Garden) in Bogota, now called Pomona, and later expanded with several stores. Also, parallel to this in 1969 Alberto Azout established a chain store called Vivero in Barranquilla.
In 1974 CADENALCO acquires the chain store Pomona (previosuly known as Almacenes La Candelaria). In 1992 CADENALCO opened up SuperLEY stores under a new format, still keeping the old LEY stores. In 1995 Almacenes EXITO S.A. acquires a percentage in Venezuelan retail store Cativen which operates Supermercados Cada and Hipermercados EXITO in Venezuela.
Then in 1999 Casino Groupe, a French retailer store acquires a percentage in the shares of Almacenes EXITO S.A. , and in turn, Almacenes EXITO S.A. acquires a percentage of shares in CADENALCO, starting talks of a future merger, which took place effectivelly in November 2001.
In 2000, Carulla and Vivero merge into one company called Carulla Vivero S.A. and then in 2007 Almacenes Exito S.A. acquires Carulla Vivero S.A., and also Groupe Casino acquires the majority of shares in the newly created Grupo Exito.
In early 2010, Venezuelan President expropiated several EXITO stores in Venezuela and opened up for allegedly manipulating prices in the already turbulent Venezuelan Economy and its hyperinflation. The stores' names were renamed Hipermercados Bicentenario, but the EXITO logos are still seen in the stores as well as the price tags.
Currently Group Exito operates several lines:
- Hypermarkets: EXITO, Vivero hypermarket stores
- Supermarkets: Carulla, Pomona and LEY stores
- Discount stores: Bodega Surtimax stores
- Specialized stores: Home Mart stores
- Local stores: Merquefacil stores.
The flag is a yellow horizontal flag with the logo on the middle.
Sources: www.almacenesexito.com and wikipedia.
E.R., 4 March 2010

image by Eugene Ipavec, 4 March 2010
Previous flag

Exito stores has changed its flag. The current flag is the new logo in the middle in a horizontal yellow flag.
Image (third flag from left to right): Picture taken on 24 November 2011
Esteban Rivera, 25 December 2011

Federación Colombiana de Ganaderos - FEDEGAN

image by Zoltan Horvath, 22 June 2014

FEDEGAN (Federación Colombiana de Ganaderos, Colombian Federation of Cattle raisers) was established on December 13, 1963 during the IX Congreso Nacional de Ganaderos (IXth National Congress of Cattle raisers).
Source: http://www.fedegan.org.co/quienes-somos/nuestra-historia
The current flag is a white horizontal flag with the logo in inverted colors (that is, the logo in green, with green letters) in the middle. The explanation of the new image is found here.
The previous logo is seen here and the first logo is seen here.
Screenshot from CM& tv news broadcast of October 2, 2013.
For additional information go to: FEDEGAN (official website)
Esteban Rivera, 21 June 2014

Formacol

image by Randy Young, 06 February 2015

Groupe Casino Logo Vector Black And White

Formacol is a plastic packaging Colombian company established in 1964.
Source: http://www.formacol.com/quienes-somos/
Its flag is a white horizontal flag with the logo in the middle. The flag however, only has the logo, without the logo's inscription below. There's a picture seen here (third flag from left to right).
Source: http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=814370&page=61
Image of flag. (Picture taken yesterday at their main office).
For additional information go to: Formacol (official website)
Esteban Rivera, 05 February 2015

Is the attached graphic an accurate representation of the Formacol flag? It was a little difficult for me to tell from the photograph, but I tried to follow your description by placing the company's logo on a white field and then erasing the inscription beneath it.
Randy Young, 06 February 2015

Grupo Olímpica

image located by Esteban Rivera, 22 January 2018

'Grupo Olímpica (English: Olimpica Grou), or Almacenes Olímpica (English: Olimpica Stores) is one of the largest retail chains. The business was started by Rafael Cuello Manjarrez, as a warehouse store in Barranquilla. Later, it was sold to a Syrian immigrant, Ricardo Char Zaslawy. The store entered the food market, as well as drugstores and began its expansion countrywise'
Sources: http://www.olimpica.com/quienes-somos/ and https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol%C3%ADmpica_(supermercado).
Their flag is a red horizontal background featuring the logo (http://www.olimpica.com/wp-content/themes/olimpica-produccion/images/logo.png) in the middle.
For additional information go to Olímpica (official website): http://www.olimpica.com/
Esteban Rivera, 22 January 2018

HMV Ingenieros

image located by Esteban Rivera, 2 August 2018

'HMV Ingenieros is an engineering company established on November 16, 1960 by the merger of two existing companies, Mejía Villegas (from Medellín) and Hidroestudios (from Bogotá). They focus primarily on designing and building hydro power plants, but have expanded into other engineering activities as well.'
Sources: http://www.h-mv.com/Nosotros/historia.aspx?Id=2&Lang=es-CO and http://www.h-mv.com/Nosotros/nosotros.aspx?Id=42&Lang=es-CO#&Lang=es-CO
Its flag is a horizontal blue background with the logo in the middle.
Picture, taken outside their Medellin office on June 26, 2018.
For additional information go to H-MV (official website): http://www.h-mv.com/
Esteban Rivera, 2 August 2018

Katering Blue

image by Randy Young, 9 August 2017

'Katering Blue is the logistics operator of the 'Centro de Eventos y Convenciones de Bogotá 'Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada' (English: Events and Convention Center 'Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada' (official website: http://kateringblue.co/katering-blue-centro-de-convenciones). Its main business is catering. According to their website, they have 'a 12-year experience'
Source: http://kateringblue.co/centro-de-convenciones-eventos/
The flag is a horizontal purple flag with the logo (http://kateringblue.co/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/logo-katering-blue-azul.png) in the middle.
For additional information go to Katering Blue (official website): http://kateringblue.co/
Estaban Rivera, 9 August 2018

Positiva Insurance (Positiva Seguros)

image by Eugene Ipavec, 31 May 2010

On March 1 I found the flag of the Colombian Government company Positiva Seguros (Positiva Insurance). The flag can be seen in this link: http://www.cmi.com.co/?nt=48419 (Source: CM& local tv news. The link is dated July 19, 2010) The flag is an orange horizontal flag with the logo in the middle.
The logo of Positiva seguros can be located here: http://www.tiqal.com/userfiles/positiva-seguros.jpg (notice that this version of the logo has the letters in orange, while in the flag, the colors are inverted, that is, the letters in white.) The explanation of the logo can be found here: http://www.positiva.gov.co/Portal_pos/LaCompania/NuestraCompania/NuestraMarca.aspx
The company was created by Decree No. 3147 of 2008 ( http://www.positiva.gov.co/Portal_pos/Documentos/Compania/decreto-3147-de-2008.aspx)
For additional information please go to: Positiva Seguros (official website).
Esteban Rivera, 30 May 2011

Servientrega

image by Eugene Ipavec, 20 February 2010

Servientrega is a Logistics and Delivery company established in 1982, currently serving several cities in Colombia, as well as six countries abroad.
Its flag is a green horizontal flag with the logo on the middle.
Source: www.servientrega.com.co
E.R., 20 February 2010

Sura

image by Randy Young, 21 February 2015

image by Randy Young, 6 May 2017

In Colombia there's an economic group (holding) called Grupo de Inversiones Suramericana S.A. (established in 1999 as Suramericana de Inversiones S.A., INVERSURA) the parent of the following subholdings:
- Suramericana de Seguros S.A. (www.suramericana.com) first established as Compañía Suramericana de Seguros S.A., in 1944. This company in 1997 split its investments in other related companies, aside from its core business in the insurance sector, thus creating Suramericana de Inversiones S. A., SURAMINV, which in turn became the mother company). Currently the name Suramericana de Seguros S.A. gathers actually two companies (for legal government reasons and regulatory rules in the country that states that a company that sells life and health insurance cannot be the same company that sells automobile and general insurance in order not to concentrate too much risk for operational reasons, thus having actually two companies, but in practice is just one). These two companies are: Seguros de Vida Suramericana S.A. and Seguros Generales Suramericana S.A.
- Compañía Suramericana Administradora de Riesgos Profesionales y Seguros de Vida S.A., SURATEP (www.suratep.com) established in 1996, now called Seguros de Riesgos Profesionales Suramericana S.A
- Compañía Suramericana Administradora de Servicios de Salud S.A., and Susalud Medicina Prepapgada, SUSALUD (www.susalud.com) established in 1990, now both merged and called EPS y Medicina Prepagada Suramericana S.A.
- I.P.S. Punto de Salud S.A., now called Servicios de Salud IPS Suramericana S.A.
Sources: www.suramericana.com, www.gruposuramericana.com.

Grupo Sura has a new corporate reorganization and also a variant flag, with colors inverted, as seen on this desktop flag
Sources: http://www.rpp.com.pe/2012-04-13-peruanos-podran-acceder-a-seguros-de-vida-a-s--10-mensuales-noticia_471642.html
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_Sura
Esteban Rivera, 21 February 2015

I was doing some research on this company and found the following: Sura Asset Management (abbreviated as SUAM) has its own
flag, seen here: http://www.sura-am.com/es/PublishingImages/gobierno-corporativo/gobierno-corporativo.jpg, source: http://www.sura-am.com/es/compania/gobierno-corporativo). It is a white horizontal flag with the name of the company and below
the words 'ASSET MANAGEMENT' in blue capitals.
The Holding, previously called Grupo de Inversiones Suramericana S.A., INVERSURA) changed its brand name from INVERSURA to Grupo SURA. SUAM is a subholding established in 2011 and its main shareholders are (according to this source: https://www.gruposura.com/Inversiones/SURAAssetManagement/Paginas/default.aspx)
- Grupo SURA
- International Finance Corporation (IFC) (official website: http://www.ifc.org), part of the World Bank Group
- Grupo Bolívar (official website: http://www.sociedadesbolivar.co)
- Grupo Bancolombia (official website: http://www.grupobancolombia.com)
- General Atlantic (Investment Fund) (official website: http://www.generalatlantic.com)
- JP Morgan
It has presence in Chile, Colombia, El Salvador, Mexico, Perú and Uruguay through its mergers and acquisitions (source: http://www.sura-am.com/en/company/history/a>).
Its corporate identity can be found here: hhttp://www.sura-am.com/es/compania/marca-regional

For additional information go to SUAM-AM (official website): http://www.sura-am.com/e
Esteban Rivera, 5 May 2017

Previous variant

image contributed by E.R., 23 July 2009

The flag of Grupo de Inversiones Suramericana S.A., INVERSURA, as well as its subholdings mentioned above, branded for marketing reasons as SURA is the logo and the 'SURA' letters in white over a blue background, as seen in the pictures (taken May 29, 2009) here, here, here and here.
The internal company bulletin is showing the new change in logo and flag.
E.R., 23 July 2009

TransMilenio

image by Zoltan Horvath, 28 January 2015

'TransMilenio is a bus rapid transit (BRT) system that serves Bogotá, the capital of Colombia. The system opened to the public on December 4, 2000 (hence the name Trans Millenium). The bus fleet, the terminals and all its operation is managed by the company Trasmilenio S.A.'
Sources: http://www.transmilenio.gov.co/es/articulos/historia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TransMilenio
The flag is a horizontal red flag with the logo in the middle.
Image is screenshot of RCN news channel broadcast on January 19, 2015.
For additional information go to TransMilenio (official website)
Esteban Rivera, 28 January 2015

Touring & Automovil Club de Colombia - ACC

Groupe Casino Logo Vector Image

image by Zoltan Horvath, 15 September 2017

'Touring & Automovil Club de Colombia (English: Touring and Automobil Club of Colombia), or simply 'ACC', is a nonprofit organization which gives assistance to road travelers, mechanics, supports motor sports and provides related services for auto users. It was founded on October 10, 1940 in Bogotá and formalized through (Executive) Resolution No. 33 of the Ministry of Jusitce, on April 16, 1941. It is a member of FIA, AIT (Alliance Internationale de Tourisme, official website) and FIVA (Fédération Internationale des Véhicules Anciens, official website)'.
Sources: http://acc.com.co/p/quienes-somos and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touring_and_Automobile_Club_of_Colombia
The flag is a dark blue horizontal background with the logo in the middle, as seen here (second flag from left to right)
Source: http://www.fiaregion4.com/novedades/noticias/simposio-nacional-automovil-club-de-colombia-fia.html
For additional information go to ACC (official website)
Esteban Rivera, 12 September 2017

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